JUnit with Selenium

Tutorial to Run Your First Test on LambdaTest

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In this topic, you will learn how to configure and run your Java automation testing scripts on LambdaTest Selenium cloud platform using Java framework JUnit.

Objective

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By the end of this topic, you will be able to:

1. Set up an environment for testing your hosted web pages using JUnit framework with Selenium.
2. Understand and configure the core capabilities required for your Selenium test suite.
3. Run test cases in parallel using JUnit with Selenium to reduce build times.
4. Test your locally hosted pages on LambdaTest platform.
5. Explore advanced features of LambdaTest.

Sample repo

All the code samples in this documentation can be found on LambdaTest's Github Repository. You can either download or clone the repository to quickly run your tests. View on GitHub

Pre-requisites

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Before you can start performing Java automation testing with Selenium, you would need to:

• Install the latest Java development environment. We recommend to use Java 11 version.

• Download the latest Selenium Client and its WebDriver bindings from the official website. Latest versions of Selenium Client and WebDriver are ideal for running your automation script on LambdaTest Selenium cloud grid.

• Install Maven which supports JUnit framework out of the box. Maven can be downloaded and installed following the steps from the official website. Maven can also be installed easily on Linux/MacOS using Homebrew package manager.

• You would have to add the following maven dependency to your pom.xml file if working on your local project.

  <dependency>
      <groupId>junit</groupId>
      <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
      <version>4.12</version>
      <scope>test</scope>
  </dependency>

Cloning Repo and Installing Dependencies

Step 1: Clone the LambdaTest’s junit-selenium-sample repository and navigate to the code directory as shown below:

git clone https://github.com/LambdaTest/junit-selenium-sample
cd junit-selenium-sample

You may also want to run the command below to check for outdated dependencies.

mvn versions:display-dependency-updates

Setting up your Authentication

Make sure you have your LambdaTest credentials with you to run test automation scripts on LambdaTest Selenium Grid. You can obtain these credentials from the LambdaTest Automation Dashboard or through LambdaTest Profile.

Step 2: Set LambdaTest Username and Access Key in environment variables.

Linux / MacOS

export LT_USERNAME="undefined" \
export LT_ACCESS_KEY="undefined"

Windows

set LT_USERNAME="undefined" `
set LT_ACCESS_KEY="undefined"

Run Your First Test

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Sample Test with JUnit

Let’s checkout sample JUnit code running LambdaTest Selenium grid. This is a simple JUnit automation script similar to the script we have used in our Github repo. This JUnit Selenium script tests a sample to-do list app by marking couple items as done, adding a new item to the list and finally displaying the count of pending items as output.

JUnit To Do

import org.junit.After;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.openqa.selenium.JavascriptExecutor;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.remote.CapabilityType;
import org.openqa.selenium.remote.DesiredCapabilities;
import org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver;
import java.net.URL;
public class JUnitTodo {
    public String username = "YOUR_USERNAME";
    public String accesskey = "YOUR_ACCESS_KEY";
    public static RemoteWebDriver driver = null;
    public String gridURL = "@hub.lambdatest.com/wd/hub";
    boolean status = false;
    @Before
    public void setUp() throws Exception {
       DesiredCapabilities capabilities = new DesiredCapabilities();
        capabilities.setCapability("browserName", "chrome");
        capabilities.setCapability("version", "70.0");
        capabilities.setCapability("platform", "win10"); // If this cap isn't specified, it will just get the any available one
        capabilities.setCapability("build", "LambdaTestSampleApp");
        capabilities.setCapability("name", "LambdaTestJavaSample");
        capabilities.setCapability("network", true); // To enable network logs
        capabilities.setCapability("visual", true); // To enable step by step screenshot
        capabilities.setCapability("video", true); // To enable video recording
        capabilities.setCapability("console", true); // To capture console logs
        try {
            driver = new RemoteWebDriver(new URL("https://" + username + ":" + accesskey + gridURL), capabilities);
        } catch (MalformedURLException e) {
            System.out.println("Invalid grid URL");
        } catch (Exception e) {
            System.out.println(e.getMessage());
        }
    }

    @Test
    public void testSimple() throws Exception {
       try {
              //Change it to production page
            driver.get("https://lambdatest.github.io/sample-todo-app/");

              //Let's mark done first two items in the list.
              driver.findElement(By.name("li1")).click();
            driver.findElement(By.name("li2")).click();

             // Let's add an item in the list.
              driver.findElement(By.id("sampletodotext")).sendKeys("Yey, Let's add it to list");
            driver.findElement(By.id("addbutton")).click();

              // Let's check that the item we added is added in the list.
            String enteredText =       driver.findElementByXPath("/html/body/div/div/div/ul/li[6]/span").getText();
            if (enteredText.equals("Yey, Let's add it to list")) {
                status = true;
            }
        } catch (Exception e) {
            System.out.println(e.getMessage());
        }
    }
    @After
    public void tearDown() throws Exception {
       if (driver != null) {
            ((JavascriptExecutor) driver).executeScript("lambda-status=" + status);
            driver.quit();
        }
    }
}

Configuring your Test Capabilities

Step 3: In the test script, you need to update your test capabilities. In this code, we are passing browser, browser version, and operating system information, along with LambdaTest Selenium grid capabilities via capabilities object. The capabilities object in the above code are defined as:

DesiredCapabilities capabilities = new DesiredCapabilities();
        capabilities.setCapability("browserName", "chrome");
        capabilities.setCapability("version", "70.0");
        capabilities.setCapability("platform", "win10"); // If this cap isn't specified, it will just get the any available one
        capabilities.setCapability("build", "LambdaTestSampleApp");
        capabilities.setCapability("name", "LambdaTestJavaSample");
        capabilities.setCapability("network", true); // To enable network logs
        capabilities.setCapability("visual", true); // To enable step by step screenshot
        capabilities.setCapability("video", true); // To enable video recording
        capabilities.setCapability("console", true); // To capture console logs

Note

You can generate capabilities for your test requirements with the help of our inbuilt 🔗 Capabilities Generator Tool.

Executing the Test

Step 4: The tests can be executed in the terminal using the following command.

mvn test -P single

info

Your test results would be displayed on the test console (or command-line interface if you are using terminal/cmd) and on LambdaTest automation dashboard. LambdaTest Automation Dashboard will help you view all your text logs, screenshots and video recording for your entire automation tests.

Run Parallel Tests Using JUnit

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Setting up the Parallel Environment

Here is the Parallelized class we use for running our Parallel Tests using JUnit. You can also find the below code in our GitHub repo.

Parallelized Class

import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;

import org.junit.runners.Parameterized;
import org.junit.runners.model.RunnerScheduler;

public class Parallelized extends Parameterized {

    private static class ThreadPoolScheduler implements RunnerScheduler {
        private ExecutorService executor;

        public ThreadPoolScheduler() {
            String threads = System.getProperty("junit.parallel.threads", "15");
            int numThreads = Integer.parseInt(threads);
            executor = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(numThreads);
        }

        @Override
        public void finished() {
            executor.shutdown();
            try {
                executor.awaitTermination(10, TimeUnit.MINUTES);
            } catch (InterruptedException exc) {
                throw new RuntimeException(exc);
            }
        }

        @Override
        public void schedule(Runnable childStatement) {
            executor.submit(childStatement);
        }
    }

    public Parallelized(Class<?> klass) throws Throwable {
        super(klass);
        setScheduler(new ThreadPoolScheduler());
    }
}

Let us take a look at a reference of the above helper class for executing parallel test using JUnit automation framework.

Concurrent Todo App

import org.openqa.selenium.By;
import org.openqa.selenium.Platform;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.remote.DesiredCapabilities;
import org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver;
import org.junit.After;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.junit.runners.Parameterized;
import java.net.MalformedURLException;
import java.net.URL;
import java.util.LinkedList;
@RunWith(Parallelized.class)
public class JUnitConcurrentTodo {
     public String username = "YOUR_LT_USERNAME";
    public String accesskey = "YOUR_LT_ACCESS_KEY";
    public String gridURL = "@hub.lambdatest.com/wd/hub";
     public String platform;
     public String browserName;
     public String browserVersion;
    public RemoteWebDriver driver = null;
     boolean status = false;
        @Parameterized.Parameters
     public static LinkedList<String[]> getEnvironments() throws Exception {
        LinkedList<String[]> env = new LinkedList<String[]>();
        env.add(new String[]{"WIN10", "chrome", "70.0"});
        env.add(new String[]{"macos 10.12","firefox","62.0"});
        env.add(new String[]{"WIN8","internet explorer","10"});
        return env;
    }
    public JUnitConcurrentTodo(String platform, String browserName, String browserVersion) {
        this.platform = platform;
        this.browserName = browserName;
        this.browserVersion = browserVersion;
     }
    @Before
    public void setUp() throws Exception {
       DesiredCapabilities capabilities = new DesiredCapabilities();
        capabilities.setCapability("browserName", browserName);
        capabilities.setCapability("version", browserVersion);
        capabilities.setCapability("platform", platform); // If this cap isn't specified, it will just get the any available one
        capabilities.setCapability("build", "JUnitParallelSample");
        capabilities.setCapability("name", "JUnitParallelSampleTest");
        try {
            driver = new RemoteWebDriver(new URL("https://" + username + ":" + accesskey + gridURL), capabilities);
        } catch (MalformedURLException e) {
            System.out.println("Invalid grid URL");
        } catch (Exception e) {
            System.out.println(e.getMessage());
        }
    }
    @Test
    public void testParallel() throws Exception {
       try {
              //Change it to production page
            driver.get("https://lambdatest.github.io/sample-todo-app/");

              //Let's mark done first two items in the list.
              driver.findElement(By.name("li1")).click();
            driver.findElement(By.name("li2")).click();

             // Let's add an item in the list.
              driver.findElement(By.id("sampletodotext")).sendKeys("Yey, Let's add it to list");
            driver.findElement(By.id("addbutton")).click();

              // Let's check that the item we added is added in the list.
            String enteredText = driver.findElementByXPath("/html/body/div/div/div/ul/li[6]/span").getText();
            if (enteredText.equals("Yey, Let's add it to list")) {
                status = true;
            }
        } catch (Exception e) {
            System.out.println(e.getMessage());
        }
    }
    @After
    public void tearDown() throws Exception {
       if (driver != null) {
            ((JavascriptExecutor) driver).executeScript("lambda-status=" + status);
            driver.quit();
        }
    }
}

Executing Parallel Tests using JUnit

To run parallel tests using JUnit, we would have to execute the below command in the terminal:

mvn test -P parallel

info

Your test results would be displayed on the test console (or command-line interface if you are using terminal/cmd) and on LambdaTest automation dashboard.

Testing Locally Hosted or Privately Hosted Projects

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You can test your locally hosted or privately hosted projects with LambdaTest Selenium grid cloud using LambdaTest Tunnel app. All you would have to do is set up an SSH tunnel using LambdaTest Tunnel app and pass toggle tunnel = True via desired capabilities. LambdaTest Tunnel establishes a secure SSH protocol based tunnel that allows you in testing your locally hosted or privately hosted pages, even before they are made live.

Tunnel Help

Refer our 🔗 LambdaTest Tunnel documentation for more information.

Here’s how you can establish LambdaTest Tunnel.

Download the binary file

• LambdaTest Tunnel for Windows
• LambdaTest Tunnel for Mac
• LambdaTest Tunnel for Linux

Open command prompt and navigate to the binary folder.

Run the following command:

./LT -user {user’s login email} -key {user’s access key}

So if your user name is lambdatest@example.com, the command would be:

./LT -user lambdatest@example.com -key undefined

Once you are able to connect LambdaTest Tunnel successfully, you would just have to pass on tunnel capabilities in the code as shown:

Tunnel Capability

DesiredCapabilities capabilities = new DesiredCapabilities();
        capabilities.setCapability("tunnel", true);

Additional Links

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• Advanced Configuration for Capabilities
• How to test locally hosted apps
• How to integrate LambdaTest with CI/CD